Demonstrative pronouns

 (Demonstrative pronouns) ضمائر أسماء الإشارة •


تقسم ضمائر أسماء الإشارة إلى أربعة أقسام ، وهي : 

1- اسم الإشارة للقريب الجمع 

2- اسم الإشارة للقريب المفرد 

3- اسم الإشارة للبعيد المفرد 

4- اسم الإشارة للبعيد الجمع 


أولاً :اسم الإشارة للقريب المفرد: إذا كنت تريد أن تشير إلى شخص أو شيء مفرد وهو قريب منك فإنك تستخدم (This) مثل : 


هذا كتابي This is my book 

هذا أحمد This is Ahmad 

نلاحظ من الأمثلة السابقة أن معنى تلك الجمل هو أن كل من أحمد و الكتاب هي أِشياء مفردة قريبة من المتكلم .


ثانياً: اسم الإشارة للقريب الجمع: 

فعندما تريد أن تشير إلى مجموعة أشخاص أو مجموعة أشياء وكانت قريبة منك فإنك تستخدم الأداة (These) مثل:


هؤلاء معلمون These are teachers 

هؤلاء طلاب These are students 

لاحظ فيما سبق أن كل من المعلمون والطلاب هم اسماء جمع قريبة من المتكلم لذلك استخدمنا (These).


ثالثاً : اسم الإشارة للبعيد المفرد: 


عندما تريد أن تشير إلى شخص أو شيء مفرد وهو بعيد عنك فإنك تستخدم (That) مثل:


ذلك مالك That is Malek 

تلك شجرة That is Tree 

لاحظ مما سبق أن كل من الشجرة و منال هم أسماء مفرد لكنهم بعيدين لذلك استخدم المتكلم That .


رابعاً : اسم الإشارة للبعيد الجمع: 


أما إذا أردت أن تشير إلى مجموعة أشخاص أو مجموعة أشياء وكانت بعيدة عنك فإنك تستخدم (Those) مثل:

 

أولئك بنات Those are girls 

أولئك ألعاب Those are toys

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